What happens to the balance of electrolytes during prolonged exercise?

During prolonged exercise, the body loses significant amounts of water and electrolytes, primarily through sweat. As sweat is produced, key electrolytes like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are excreted alongside the fluid. This loss can lead to an imbalance in the body's electrolyte levels, resulting in depletion. When the body doesn't adequately replace these lost fluids and electrolytes, a state of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance can occur, which may impact muscle function, nerve signaling, and overall physical performance.

This underscores the importance of hydration and electrolyte replenishment for individuals engaging in extended physical activity to maintain optimal physiological function.